Slkor SL7812: 12V 1A TO‑220 Package Three‑Terminal Fixed Positive Linear Regulator

SL7812 is a three-terminal fixed positive linear regulator in TO-220 package manufactured by Slkor. It delivers 12V fixed output voltage with maximum continuous output current of 1A. Built-in protections include thermal-overload shutdown, short-circuit current limiting and output-transistor SOA protection. Being RoHS-compliant, it fits 12V low-to-medium-power power-supply applications such as post-regulation for switching power supplies, microprocessor power supply and main-board power supply. This article summarizes key parameters, core features, application scenarios and engineering recommendations for component selection and hardware design.

I. Core Product Parameters

Absolute Maximum Ratings

1. Input Voltage: 35V
2. Output Current: 1A
3. Power Dissipation: Internally-limited for TO-220 package
4. Junction Temperature: 150℃
5. Operating Temperature Range: -20℃ ~ 150℃
6. Storage Temperature Range: -55℃ ~ 150℃

Key Electrical Characteristics (Tested at junction temperature of 25℃)

1. Output Voltage: Typical value 12.0V, ranging from 11.52V-12.48V under load of 5mA-1.0A; ranging from 11.40V-12.60V with input voltage 14.5V-27V and load of 5mA-1.0A
2. Output-current capability: Continuous output up to 1A; typical peak output current 1.8A; typical short-circuit current 250mA
3. Quiescent Current: Maximum value 8.0mA. Quiescent current changes slightly with input voltage and output load.
4. Output Noise Voltage: Typical value 75μV within test frequency range 10Hz-100KHz
5. Ripple Rejection: Typical value 72dB at 120Hz test condition
6. Dropout Voltage: Typical value 2.0V
7. Package: TO-220
8. Environmental Compliance: RoHS-compliant

Note: Actual usable steady-state output current depends on input voltage, heat-sink configuration, package lead length and PCB copper pattern layout. Electrical data are obtained under pulse-test conditions.

II. Core Product Features

1. Output current reaches 1A, satisfying most 12V low-to-medium-power DC power-supply requirements.
2. Fixed 12V positive output with stable output accuracy. Voltage deviation caused by load and input-voltage variation stays within controllable range.
3. Multiple on-chip protection functions including thermal-overload shutdown, short-circuit current limiting and output-transistor SOA protection to reduce device-damage risks under abnormal conditions.
4. TO-220 package allows direct heatsink mounting to improve overall power-dissipation capacity.
5. Good ripple-rejection performance suppresses AC interference from input side and delivers clean and stable 12V DC output.
6. RoHS-compliant to meet environmental requirements for industrial and consumer-electronic products.

III. Main Application Fields

1. 12V high-efficiency linear regulator circuits acting as independent regulating units for stable 12V DC power output.
2. Post-regulation for switching power supplies to conduct secondary filtering and stabilization and improve output-voltage quality.
3. Power supply for microprocessors and control boards, providing 12V power for MCU and control units.
4. 12V power-supply circuits for main boards and various functional add-on boards.

IV. Engineering Design Recommendations

1. Absolute-maximum ratings represent stress limits only. Transient or continuous operation beyond these ratings will cause permanent device damage.
2. Actual steady-state output current is constrained by input-to-output differential voltage, heat-dissipation condition and PCB copper layout. A properly-matched heat sink is required under high-power-dissipation conditions to keep junction temperature within allowable range.
3. Follow datasheet recommendation: place 0.33μF capacitor at input terminal and 0.1μF capacitor at output terminal to improve circuit stability and transient-response performance.
4. Reserve sufficient headroom between input and output voltage. The typical dropout voltage is 2.0V. Input voltage shall exceed the sum of output voltage and dropout voltage for normal regulation performance.
5. Temperature brings drift to output voltage, quiescent current and dropout voltage. Sufficient design margin should be reserved for high-temperature and heavy-load scenarios.
6. Short-circuit triggers current-limit protection, yet long-term short-circuit operation is prohibited. Persistent high temperature will degrade device reliability.
7. Optimize thermal copper area for TO-220 PCB layout and implement proper insulation for mounting holes to avoid short-circuit risks.

V. Product Summary

SL7812 is a TO-220 three-terminal fixed-output linear regulator delivering 12V with maximum output current of 1A. Integrated complete protection circuits and favorable ripple-rejection performance make it suitable for 12V low-to-medium-power power-supply in industrial and consumer electronics. During hardware design, sufficient attention shall be paid to thermal design, input-output headroom and peripheral-capacitor configuration. Operating conditions exceeding absolute-maximum stress ratings must be avoided to guarantee long-term stability of power-supply systems.

About Slkor：

Slkor has research and development offices in Busan, South Korea, Beijing, China, and Suzhou, China. Most of the wafer manufacturing and packaging and testing are carried out within China. The company employs and collaborates with individuals and organizations worldwide, with a laboratory for product performance and reliability testing and a central warehouse located at its headquarters in Shenzhen. Slkor has filed for over a hundred invention patents, offers more than 2,000 product models, and serves over ten thousand customers globally. Its products are exported to countries and regions including Europe, the Americas, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, making it one of the rapidly growing semiconductor companies in recent years. With well-established management systems and streamlined workflows, Slkor has rapidly enhanced the brand awareness and reputation of its "SLKOR" brand through its outstanding quality and standardized services. Its product range includes three major series: diodes, transistors, and power devices, with recent introductions of new products such as Hall elements and analog devices, expanding its presence in sensors, Risc-v microcontrollers, and other product categories.

SL7812To Product Page