Let me start with a clear explanation of why I wrote this "Industry Viewing" series.

??自「十三五」規劃以來，以產業增強城市實力一直是無錫的發展理念。在這關鍵的五年裡，無錫的產業，特別是高新科技產業，發展速度如何？無錫有哪些在國內乃至國際上都頗具優勢的「兩把刷子」？

我相信每個人都會從不同的角度去理解它，但這種理解可能並不清晰且準確。

去年年底，市委書記黃勤在市委全會上提出要“增強作為‘先鋒隊’贏得勝利的信心”，列舉了集成電路、物聯網、航空發動機、燃氣渦輪機等價值數千億美元的先進製造業產業集群，這些在國內都相當“令人難以置信”！

作者只想透過訪談向讀者呈現最新、第一手的信息，並整理出一些代表性的行業。

??▲The picture shows the schematic diagram of the Taihu Bay Science and Technology Innovation Zone, which embodies the hope of Wuxi becoming an industrially strong city and leaping to a new energy level.

深度分析絕對不容錯過！如果一次看不完，可以點擊右上角的三點圖標，再點擊第二排「浮動視窗」中的兩個點。即使返回微信主介面，也可以隨時點擊左上角的兩個點繼續閱讀。

Strength determines status in the world

咱們直奔主題吧。首先來談談無錫的積體電路產業。

我想知道各位讀者是否注意到這樣一組數據——

??Municipal Party Committee Secretary Huang Qin mentioned at the Municipal Party Committee Plenary Session held at the end of 2020“積體電路產業規模位居全國第二”, Mayor Du Xiaogang mentioned in the 2021 Wuxi Two Sessions Government Work Report"The output value of the integrated circuit industry has increased to 135 billion yuan, ranking among the top in the country."

數據發布一向低調，但專家都知道，這兩項聲明意義重大！

??What is the concept of 135 billion yuan? What is its position in the country?

??According to preliminary estimates from the China Semiconductor Industry Association, despite the impact of the epidemic in the first half of this year, my country's integrated circuit industry still maintained rapid growth. The annual output value is expected to reach 876.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.92%.

??In 2018, Wuxi became the second city in the country after Shanghai with an integrated circuit output value of 100 billion. In 2020, it increased by 26% compared with 2019.

如果數字還是太抽象，我們就來看具體的「圖形」。首先，我們需要普及積體電路產業鏈的三大組成部分。別說廢話，看圖說話。

▲Schematic diagram of the integrated circuit industry chain

??In the words of Huang Anjun, secretary-general of the Wuxi Semiconductor Industry Association and vice president of Huahong Semiconductor (Wuxi) Co., Ltd.:At present, there are only two cities in China that have a relatively complete integrated circuit industry chain, one is Shanghai and the other is our Wuxi.

??Wuxi’s industrial scale rankings in the three major links of the industrial chain are as follows——

??Design - fourth in the country (preceded by Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing);

??Manufacturing - third in the country (first in Xi'an, second in Shanghai);

??Packaging and testing—No. 1 in the country (including Changdian Technology ranking third in the world).

▲The picture shows the statistics of Wuxi Semiconductor Industry Association

??Being sought after by the capital market is also a good indication of industrial strength. Zhuosheng Micro (the king of technology stocks), China Resources Micro (the first red chip stock), Xinpeng Micro (power management), Xinjieneng (power devices), etc. have been listed one after another. There are also a number of powerful companies such as Lixin Micro, Hongguang Microelectronics, Zhonggan Micro and Silicon Power, which are planning to go public, forming the "Wuxi phenomenon" of listed semiconductor companies.

??Zhuosheng Micro, which is well-known among investors, is a chip design company that went public in June 2019. After its listing, it ushered in the bottom rebound of the semiconductor industry cycle and ushered in the first year of 5G infrastructure in 2020. After its listing, its stock price increased by nearly 1,600% in 6 months, creating a miracle in the Chinese stock market.

▲The picture shows the competitiveness data compiled by “Core Thinking Research Institute”

無錫半導體產業協會比較了2017年和2020年無錫積體電路產業的五項數據，可以看出—

??(1) The number of major projects exceeding 10 billion has increased from 1 to 4;

（2）受監管企業數量從107家增加到139家；

（3）上市公司數量從3家增加到8家；

??(4) The number of employees increases from 50,000 to 85,000;

??(5) The output value increased from 89 billion to 135 billion (ranking second in the country).

無錫積體電路產業在「十三五」期間的快速發展背後必然有深刻的原因。

??Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", the Wuxi Municipal Party Committee and Government have vigorously implemented the innovation-driven core strategy and the industry-strengthening city-led strategy, proposed to revitalize the semiconductor industry, and introduced a series of relevant encouragement and support policies -

??◎ 2018, "Policy Opinions on Further Supporting the Development of the Integrated Circuit Industry";

2019 年，「關於進一步深化現代產業發展政策的意見」；

??◎ 2020, "Wuxi 5G Industry Development Plan (2020-2025)".

??The current implementation results are outstanding. During this period, major projects exceeding 10 billion including Huahong Wuxi, Hynix Phase II, Yixing Central and Haichen Semiconductor started construction one after another.

2019年13月，華虹無錫計畫（一期）12吋生產線提前完工投產。此計畫是無錫市「十三五」規劃重點工業計畫之一，也是無錫市史上單筆投資最大的工業計畫。

??In April 2019, Hynix Phase II was completed and put into production ahead of schedule, becoming the world's most technologically advanced 10-nanometer DRAM product production base.

??In September 2019, Yixing Zhonghuan’s leading 8-inch silicon wafer production workshop realized trial production ahead of schedule, filling my country’s gap in the field of silicon wafers for large-size integrated circuits.

海辰半導體於2020年12月12日正式建成投產。總產能將達到每月115,000片，遠高於國內外其他8吋生產線的平均月產量（每月50,000片）。

▲圖片展示的是華虹無錫展覽空間一角。

??除了已有的政策之外，無錫在積體電路產業方面深厚的基礎也是一大優勢。

??Wuxi is the region where my country's integrated circuit industry started earliest, and the country's first very large-scale integrated circuit was born here.

??無錫積體電路產業的基礎、人才儲備和意識主要得益於「八五」期間在無錫實施的國家微電子「908」工程。華晶公司培育了一批中國最早的積體電路產業人才。

據了解，國內外積體電路產業仍有大量「華京人」在重要崗位上奮鬥，被業界譽為中國積體電路人才的「黃埔軍校」。

還有另一個重要因素不得不提：The integrated circuit industry is known as the "top industry", which vividly illustrates the key role of the top leader's vision, courage and responsibility in the development of the industry.

??In different historical stages of development, Wuxi’s changes in leadership level and title (from the leader of the Wuxi IC Industry Leading Group to the Wuxi IC Industry Chain Leader), which focuses on the integrated circuit industry, reflect the different meanings and also reveal the internal reasons for the rapid development of Wuxi’s integrated circuit industry.

??In 2020, Huang Qin, Secretary of the Wuxi Municipal Party Committee, personally served as the leader of the integrated circuit industry chain, which illustrates that Wuxi places the high-quality development of the integrated circuit industry in the most important position, and indicates that Wuxi's integrated circuit industry chain will develop in a direction that is more concentrated, more complete, more extensive, and more deeply rooted.

Opportunities always come to those who are prepared

一個產業的發展和成熟並非憑空而來，積體電路產業尤其如此。產業傳承、人才儲備與意識理念，Wuxi is gifted, smart and diligent, and has seized a series of opportunities., let’s take a look at several important development nodes——

1977年，無錫建立了彩色電視機用線性積體電路生產線。

1986年，這裡被國家指定為南方微電子基地（無錫、上海）；中國第一個半導體研發生產綜合體；中國首個超大規模64K DRAM積體電路在此成功試作。

??In 1989, China Huajing Electronics Group Corporation was established

1990年，美國國家微電子908計畫開始實施。

2000年，該國首批七個積體電路設計產業化基地之一

??In 2006, Wuxi Hynix Semiconductor officially put into production

??In 2015, Changdian Technology acquired Singapore’s STATS ChipPAC

2017 年 6 月，海力士開始興建第二座工廠，並於 2019 年 4 月正式投產。

2017年12月，宜興中環的領先大型矽片工程動工建設，並於2019年9月正式投入生產。

??In April 2018, Huahong Wuxi started construction and was completed and put into production in September 2019.

2018年，工業和資訊化部批准無錫建設國家級「新火」大眾創業創新基地。

??In 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved that Huajin Semiconductor Packaging Leading Technology R&D Center Co., Ltd. established the National Integrated Circuit Characteristic Process and Packaging and Testing Innovation Center

？ ？ ……

??在這裡，作者根據研究結果整理了幾個「里程碑」——

??"742" factory introduces Japanese production line

In early 1977, the country was preparing to introduce linear integrated circuit production lines for color TVs from Japan. Wuxi's "742" factory finally won the competition among many parties and built a professional factory specializing in the production of TV integrated circuits and a trial factory for MOS and bipolar integrated circuits. It has an annual output of 26 million pieces of 11 types of linear integrated circuits for color TVs.

??In 1987, Wuxi's annual output of integrated circuits reached 30 million units, accounting for nearly 40% of the national output.

後來，隨著「908工程」的實施，無錫的積體電路相關產業迅速發展。無錫的積體電路設計、製造、封裝測試、配套設備及材料等領域始終保持國內領先優勢。數十家積體電路生產相關的設計、封裝、測試、設備、材料和服務企業陸續在無錫及其周邊地區，以及江蘇省沿海和滬寧鐵路沿線地區建立起來。無錫被譽為我國積體電路產業的「搖籃」。

▲圖片展示的是華京公司，它給無錫人民留下了深刻的印象。

??Changdian Technology merges with STATS ChipPAC

??After this battle, Wuxi's integrated circuit industry chain has become the largest in China and the third in the world, a truly multinational company.

??Changdian Technology Company, located in Jiangyin, was originally a small factory producing transistors that was on the verge of bankruptcy. It relied on technological innovation to become a domestic champion in individual fields and to be among the top in the world in less than 30 years.

In October 2015, when the international financial crisis broke out, Changdian Technology seized the opportunity, invested 260 million yuan and raised 780 million yuan through leverage, and in one fell swoop acquired half of the equity of Singapore's STATS ChipPAC, which was in trouble with a broken capital chain.

??After a struggle between capital and management, Changdian completed the goal of doubling its total assets in one-fifth of the original time. Its R&D and innovation capabilities were qualitatively improved, and it also gained a large number of first-line customers, including the top 20 major semiconductor companies in the world.

??After the merger, Changdian Technology has 7 production bases and 6 R&D centers in China, Singapore, South Korea, and the United States. Each of them has a clear positioning: the Singapore base is responsible for wafer-level high-end packaging and testing, the Korean base focuses on SIP system integration, Suqian and Chuzhou are positioned as low-cost production bases for discrete devices, and the headquarters is a production base for mid-to-high-end products.

這種小規模和大規模擴張的過程被媒體形容為「蛇吞象」式的併購。然而，根據2014年全球封裝代工廠排名，STATS ChipPAC的銷售額為1.58億美元，排名全球第四，而JCET的銷售額為1.05億美元，位居全球第六。當時，兩家公司已經實力雄厚。

▲The picture shows the production scene of Changdian Technology

??Huahong Wuxi project was completed and put into operation

該項目是無錫市「十三五」規劃中的重點工業項目之一，也是無錫歷史上單筆投資最大的工業項目。

2017年8月2日，華虹集團與無錫市政府簽署策略合作協議。華虹集團總投資約100億美元的積體電路研發製造基地專案正式落腳無錫高新技術產業開發區。

??The project covers an area of ​​about 700 acres, with an investment of US$2.5 billion in the first phase. It will build a new 12-inch integrated circuit production line with a process grade of 90-65 nanometers and a monthly production capacity of about 40,000 pieces to support applications in emerging fields such as 5G and the Internet of Things.

??On September 17, 2019, the project was completed and put into production, becoming the country's most advanced specialty process production line, the country's first 12-inch power device OEM production line, and the first independently controllable 12-inch production line in Jiangsu Province.

這個計畫意義重大，不僅因為其規模龐大，更重要的是它所發揮的帶動和集聚作用，這主要體現在以下三個方面：

首先，這獨特製程平台的目標終端應用領域是 5G 通訊、物聯網（包括電源管理 IC）等領域，這與無錫本身的產業發展定位和方向非常契合；

??Second, after chip manufacturing companies are established, design companies, packaging and testing companies, equipment, materials and other companies will form an increasingly strong agglomeration effect;

??Third, the industrial chains of Shanghai and Tin are perfectly connected. The layout of the chip industry in the Yangtze River Delta region is not only connected, but also scattered.

▲The picture shows the interior of Huahong Wuxi

??Zhonghuan’s leading large silicon wafer project starts construction

??This is another major breakthrough for Wuxi in the integrated circuit industry after the Huahong Wuxi production line was completed and put into production. The development pattern of the entire industry chain with "raw materials in Yixing, chip manufacturing in urban areas, and packaging and testing in Jiangyin" has gradually become clear.

??The integrated circuit industry is the commanding heights of global strategic competition. Semiconductor materials, as the cornerstone of the entire industry, play an important supporting role in the development of the industry.

大直徑矽片是積體電路製造的主要原料。長期以來，我國幾乎完全依賴進口8吋以上的大尺寸矽片。國內廠商僅限於小規模試生產，遠無法滿足國內市場需求。

??To this end, Zhonghuan Co., Ltd. has integrated the superior resources of Tianjin, Inner Mongolia and Wuxi to carry out a national industrial layout. This project "relentlessly" made up for a major shortcoming in Wuxi's integrated circuit industry, and also led to the gathering of supporting companies.

▲圖片顯示的是宜興中心的外觀。

??The National Integrated Circuit Characteristic Process and Packaging and Testing Innovation Center was settled

??It was established based on Jiangsu Huajin Semiconductor Packaging Research Center Co., Ltd. located in Wuxi, and its shareholders include industry giants such as Changdian Technology.

??This is the first national-level manufacturing innovation center in Wuxi and the first national innovation center in the new generation of information technology industry in Jiangsu Province.

該國希望縮短從實驗室到產品生產的最後一步，即生產和包裝、檢測這兩大環節。這無疑為無錫帶來了來自國家層面的強大「推動力」。

▲The picture shows the screenshot of the approval message from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology website

I've always been very good at temperament.

??The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" is the best period in the history of Wuxi's integrated circuit industry project construction. It has attracted a number of major projects with high technological content, great development potential, and strong driving effects, with a total investment of more than 25 billion US dollars.

其中，3個重大專案投資額超過10億元。這些項目目前進展順利，均超前於原計劃，建設成果超出預期，為江蘇省乃至全國重大積體電路項目建設樹立了典範。

黃安軍用一句話總結：做一件事，把它做好，不要陷入其他事情！

??說到“氣質”，我其實指的是與近年來某些城市晶片的“大躍進”形成對比的東西。

??During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual compound growth rate of sales of China's integrated circuit design industry reached 23.6%, which was nearly 6 times the average annual compound growth rate of the global semiconductor industry during the same period. The growth rate is quite impressive. The development momentum is improving, the technical level has been greatly improved, and the enterprise has accelerated its growth and expansion.

??But there are also some “weeds” in the overall “harvest.” "China Economic Weekly" reported that behind the national great leap forward in chip manufacturing, star chip projects in many places ended in failure, and the chips became "chip fraud", leaving a lot of chicken feathers.

??What’s even more weird is that there is an official website of “Advanced Integrated Circuit Industry Research Institute Co., Ltd.”. Netizens opened it and saw that the founder is Andy Lau, and Aaron Kwok, Liming, and Jacky Cheung are the vice presidents. "The Four Heavenly Kings came out, not to hold a concert, but to make chips. Is this serious?" asked a netizen.

??As of the time of reporting in 2020, six large tens of billions of semiconductor projects across the country have been suspended or in trouble. Except for Wuhan Hongxin, which is too "famous", the author will not name them one by one because they are more subtle...

??This triggered public opinion across the country and also attracted the attention of senior central officials. On October 20, 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission responded that "the chip project is unfinished."

Meng Wei, spokesperson of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the enthusiasm for domestic investment in the integrated circuit industry continues to rise. Some "three-no" companies with no experience, no technology, and no talents have joined the integrated circuit industry. In some places, they do not have enough understanding of the laws of integrated circuit development and blindly embark on projects. The risk of low-level duplication of construction has emerged. There have even been cases where the construction of individual projects has stalled and factories have been vacant, resulting in a waste of resources.

??In view of the current chaos in the industry, the next step will be to focus on four aspects of work——加強規劃佈局，改善政策體系，建立預防機制，明確各方責任。 「誰支持，誰負責」。

亡羊補牢，為時未晚！我特別感謝和自豪歷屆無錫市委、市政府冷靜務實、科學決策、力求在保持穩定的同時加快步伐。

??Aiming for “world-class”

在「十四五」規劃中，無錫進入了新一輪發展，提出了：短期目標是到2025年實現2000億元的產業規模，長期目標是成為國內一流、國際知名的集成電路產業高地。

??At the beginning of this year, the explanation of the "Recommendations of the Wuxi Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Wuxi's National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035" proposed to improve the modernization level of the industrial chain, adhere to independent control, safety and efficiency, and deepen "chain creation and supplementation." Chain, Strong Chain, Extended Chain" project to accelerate the creation of 10 landmark industrial chains such as the Internet of Things, integrated circuits, biomedicine, and high-end equipment. The scale of integrated circuits, biomedicine and other industries will be doubled, and a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters will be formed to create a global advanced manufacturing base.

??▲The picture shows that on October 20, 2020, Xishan Economic and Technological Development Zone held the "'Core' Valley Sets Sail, 'Core' Moves Xishan" development zone integrated circuit industry project cooperation and exchange event. A total of 12 chip projects were signed and settled, including Huawei, Xiaomi ecological chain enterprise Hanxin Micro, ZTE and Huawei strategic partner Celtic, BOE and Xiaomi supplier Sea Whale Semiconductor, as well as MEMS sensor chip projects, surge protection chip projects, fully integrated transceiver chip projects for optical communications, etc.

野心昭然若揭。作者在訪談中註意到一個關鍵字—"Industrial chain"。

??Strengthening the industrial chain has been a goal that Wuxi has been striving for in recent years.

在積體電路產業鏈的三大環節中，晶片設計與研發的壓力相對較大，面臨的競爭也最為激烈。如何才能突破重圍？

??Huang Anjun believes that,The first is to win a bigger piece of the pie from existing stocks, and the second is to develop incremental growth in emerging fields.。

??The former should be good at leveraging financial capital to quickly expand its scale through post-listing acquisitions and mergers, changing the current situation of being small and fragmented, and forming several "big players"; the latter should actively enter emerging fields such as 5G, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, driverless driving and new energy.

??Talent issues are also a key factor that may restrict the potential of industrial development. Wuxi, especially, has insufficient reserves of high-end talents.

??Wuxi has introduced a series of policies and measures to attract talents, but related supporting policies need to be further strengthened and reformed to truly attract and retain talents. It is reported that governments at the municipal and district levels are about to introduce a new version of the integrated circuit talent policy. Wuxi's integrated circuit industry thrives because of talents, and the city will surely become a world-class "Silicon Valley" because of talents.